Vertebral Column

• Draw a typical vertebra with these features: Spinous and Transverse processes, Pedicles, Laminae and Articular Processes
• What do the transverse processes do?
• What is an intervertebral disc herniation?
• How many of each vertebrae are there?
• What are the three distinguishing features of the majority of cervical vertebrae?
• What are the two features of the thoracic vertebrae?
• What ligaments prevent hyperflexion/extension and strengthen the joints between vertebral columns?

General Embryology

• What is the first stage of the cell division process called?
• What does this ball of 16 cells become?
• How is this further subdivided in the second week?
• How is the primitive streak formed?
• What direction does the above process move towards?

• What are the different colored parts of the diagram above? Where is the mesoderm?
• What do some cells of the neural folds do?
• What else do these neural crest cells form?
• What happens to the notochord in childhood?